銆愪腑鍦�(gu贸)鑳芥簮缍�(w菐ng)銆戣嫳鍦�(gu贸)鏈�鍚庝竴瀹舵繁灞ょ叅绀�18鏃ユ寮忛棞(gu膩n)闁�锛屾(bi膩o)蹇楄憲鈥�涓�鍊�(g猫)鏅�(sh铆)浠ｇ殑绲傜祼(ji茅)鈥�銆備綔鐐洪噸瑕佺噧鏂欙紝鐓ょ偔鏇捐垏鑻卞湅(gu贸)宸ユキ(y猫)闈╁懡鍜屽笣鍦�(gu贸)鍦�(gu贸)閬�(y霉n)鎭伅鐩搁棞(gu膩n)銆傜叅鐐伐妤�(y猫)鏇炬槸鑻卞湅(gu贸)缍�(j墨ng)婵�(j矛)澧為暦(zh菐ng)鐨勬牳蹇冿紝宸斿嘲鏅�(sh铆)鏈熸搧鏈夌磩120钀�(w脿n)寰炴キ(y猫)浜哄摗鍜�3000澶氬鐓ょう銆�
鐢变簬鐓ゅ皪(du矛)绌烘埃鐨勬薄鏌撶瓑鍟忛锛岃嫳鍦�(gu贸)鍦ㄩ亷鍘�60澶氬勾闁撳凡缍�(j墨ng)閫愭几浣跨敤澶╃劧姘�銆佺煶娌�銆佹牳鑳藉拰棰�(f膿ng)鑳界瓑鏇夸唬鐓ょ偔锛屾墦閫�鈥�鍚庣叅鐐稉(j墨ng)婵�(j矛)鈥�銆�
鐒惰�岋紝鐓ょ偔鐝�(xi脿n)闅庢鍦ㄤ腑鍦�(gu贸)銆佸嵃搴︾瓑鐧�(f膩)灞曚腑鍦�(gu贸)瀹朵緷鐒跺唬娉涗娇鐢�锛屽湪鎺ㄥ嫊(d貌ng)缍�(j墨ng)婵�(j矛)鐧�(f膩)灞曠殑鍚屾檪(sh铆)锛屼篃鎴愮偤绌烘埃姹℃煋鍜屾韩瀹ゆ埃楂旂殑涓昏渚嗘簮涔嬩竴銆傛湁瑙�榛�(di菐n)瑾�(r猫n)鐐�锛屽�熼憭鑻卞湅(gu贸)澶氬勾渚嗗湪娓涘皯鐓ょ偔浣跨敤銆佸(sh铆)鐝�(xi脿n)鑳芥簮杞�(zhu菐n)鍨嬫柟闈㈢殑缍�(j墨ng)椹�(y脿n)鏁欒〒(x霉n)锛屾湁鐩婁簬鐩搁棞(gu膩n)鍦�(gu贸)瀹跺埗瀹氶嚌灏�(du矛)鎬ф帾鏂�銆�
銆愭渶鍚庣彮娆°��
澶氬鑻卞湅(gu贸)濯掗珨鍫�(b脿o)閬�锛岄�欏鍚嶇偤鈥�鍑遍潏鍒�鈥�鐨勬繁灞ょ叅绀﹀湴铏曞寳绱勫厠閮★紝璺濆�暒浠ュ寳320鍏噷銆�18鏃ワ紝韬┛姗欒壊澶栬。鐨勭う宸ュ�戠祼(ji茅)鏉熸渶鍚庝竴鍊�(g猫)鐝锛岃蛋鍑烘繁閬�(d谩)800绫�鐨勭う浜�锛岄�欏鎿佹湁50骞存鍙�銆佺磩450鍚嶇う宸ョ殑鐓ょう姝ｅ紡瀹ｅ憡闂�(gu膩n)闁�銆�
灏�(du矛)浜庣叅绀﹂棞(gu膩n)鍋滅殑娑堟伅锛岀う宸ュ�戝績鎯呭京(f霉)闆滐紝鍌锋劅涔嬩綑鏇存摂(d膩n)蹇冧粖鍚庣殑鐢熻▓(j矛)銆傝�岃嫳鍦�(gu贸)濯掑獟楂斿墖鎱�(t脿i)搴︾⿳妤�锛岃獚(r猫n)鐐洪�欐(bi膩o)蹇楄憲鈥�涓�鍊�(g猫)鏅�(sh铆)浠ｇ殑绲傜祼(ji茅)鈥�锛屽彲姝稿姛浜庤嫳鍦�(gu贸)澶氬勾渚嗗湪鑳芥簮杞�(zhu菐n)鍨嬫柟闈㈢殑鎸佺簩(x霉)鍔姏銆�
鏇惧咕浣曟檪(sh铆)锛岀叅鐐槸鎺ㄥ嫊(d貌ng)鑻卞湅(gu贸)宸ユキ(y猫)闈╁懡鐨勮鑴堬紝鑸囧ぇ鑻卞笣鍦�(gu贸)鐨勫湅(gu贸)閬�(y霉n)瀵嗗垏鐩搁�ｃ��19涓栫磤(j矛)鐨勮嫳鍦�(gu贸)缍�(j墨ng)婵�(j矛)瀛�(xu茅)瀹跺▉寤�路鏂潶鍒�路鏉版枃鏂獚(r猫n)鐐猴紝澶ч噺寤夊児(ji脿)鍜岄珮璩�(zh矛)鐓ょ偔浣垮緱鑻卞湅(gu贸)鍦�(gu贸)鍔涜秴閬庢瓙娲插ぇ闄稿湅(gu贸)瀹跺拰缇庡湅(gu贸)銆�
鐒惰��锛岃嫳鍦�(gu贸)鐓ょ偔宸ユキ(y猫)鍦�20涓栫磤(j矛)闁嬪閫愭几璧颁笅鍧¤矾锛屼竴鏄嫳鍦�(gu贸)鐓ょう鐒℃硶鑸囨捣澶栦綆鎴愭湰鐨勫皪(du矛)鎵嬬(j矛ng)鐖�(zh膿ng)锛屼簩鏄叅鐐�愭几琚ぉ鐒舵埃銆佺煶娌�銆佹牳鑳藉拰棰�(f膿ng)鑳芥浛浠�銆�
鑻卞湅(gu贸)鍦�(gu贸)鍏�(n猫i)鐓ょ偔鐢�(ch菐n)閲忎簬1913骞撮仈(d谩)鍒版鍙叉渶楂樼殑2.92鍎勫櫢锛屼絾鍦ㄧ浜屾涓栫晫澶ф埌(zh脿n)绲�(ji茅)鏉熷悗璺岃嚦姣忓勾2.2鍎勮嚦2.3鍎勫櫢銆�1984骞磋嚦1985骞寸う宸ュぇ缃峰伐鏅�(sh铆)鏈�锛岃嫳鍦�(gu贸)鐓ょ偔鐢�(ch菐n)閲忓凡缍�(j墨ng)浣庝簬姣忓勾1.3鍎勫櫢锛屽埌鍘诲勾鏇存槸闄嶈嚦1200钀�(w脿n)鍣�銆�
鑸囨鍚屾檪(sh铆)锛岃嫳鍦�(gu贸)娣卞堡鐓ょう鏁�(sh霉)閲忓緸1913骞磋秴閬�3000瀹�锛岄�愭几闄嶄綆鑷抽浂銆傚埌2014骞村勾搴�锛岃嫳鍦�(gu贸)鍍呮湁鏁�(sh霉)瀹堕湶澶╃叅绀︿緷鐒堕亱(y霉n)鐕�(y铆ng)銆�
2014骞�锛岃嫳鍦�(gu贸)鐓ょ偔娑堣�楅噺鍙湁4900钀�(w脿n)鍣革紝鍏朵腑鍥涘垎涔嬩笁鐢ㄤ簬鐧�(f膩)闆荤珯銆傜当(t菕ng)瑷�(j矛)鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)椤ず锛岃嫳鍦�(gu贸)鍘诲勾澶х磩涓夊垎涔嬩竴鐨勯浕鍔涚敱鐕冪叅闆诲粻鎻愪緵銆傛寜鐓ц嫳鍦�(gu贸)鏀垮簻涓婃湀瀹ｅ竷鐨勮▓(j矛)鍔�锛屽埌2025骞村皣闂�(gu膩n)闁夋墍鏈夌噧鐓ら浕寤�锛岄�欐剰鍛宠憲鑻卞湅(gu贸)閫欎竴涓昏缍�(j墨ng)婵�(j矛)楂斿眴鏅�(sh铆)灏囪垏鐓ょ偔鍛婂垾锛屽竟搴曡綁(zhu菐n)鍏�鈥�鍚庣叅鐐稉(j墨ng)婵�(j矛)鈥�銆�
銆愯綁(zhu菐n)鍨嬩箣璺��
鍦ㄨВ閲嬭嫳鍦�(gu贸)鐐轰綍閫愭妫勭敤鐓ょ偔鏅�(sh铆)锛岃矾閫忕ぞ鍦ㄤ竴绡囧皥娆勪腑鎸囧嚭锛�鈥�閬庡幓10骞达紝鐓ょ偔宸茬稉(j墨ng)琚鐐烘渶楠嚐銆佹薄鏌撴渶鍤�(y谩n)閲嶇殑鍖栫煶鐕冩枡銆傛窐姹扮叅鐐綔鐐鸿兘婧愪締婧愭垚鐐烘埃鍊欐椿鍕�(d貌ng)瀹跺拰鍏叡琛�(w猫i)鐢熷皥妤�(y猫)浜哄＋鐨勯瑕佺洰妯�(bi膩o)鈥�銆�
閫欑瘒灏堟瑒绋憋紝鑸囧ぉ鐒舵埃鍜岀煶娌圭浉姣�锛岀叅鐐湪鐕冪噿涓噵鏀炬洿澶氱殑婧姘ｉ珨浜屾哀鍖栫⒊銆傜叅鐐噧鐕掗櫎鐢�(ch菐n)鐢熸睘绛夋湁姣掔墿璩�(zh矛)澶栵紝閭勭敘(ch菐n)鐢熷井灏忛绮掔墿锛屽嵄瀹冲叕鐪惧仴搴�銆�
涓婁笘绱�(j矛)锛屽�暒鍜岃嫳鍦�(gu贸)鍏朵粬澶у煄甯傜稉(j墨ng)甯哥櫦(f膩)鐢熷毚(y谩n)閲嶇殑闇ч溇锛岃�屽湪宸ュ粻銆佸搴�侀惖璺瓑澶ч噺浣跨敤鐨勭叅鐐鏄渶澶ф薄鏌撴簮銆�
1952骞�12鏈�锛�鈥�闇ч兘鈥�鍊暒鐧�(f膩)鐢熸寔绾�(x霉)5澶╃殑姣掗湩浜嬩欢锛岀┖姘ｉ噸搴︽薄鏌撲笅鍊暒灞呮皯鍑虹従(xi脿n)澶ц寖鍦嶅懠鍚稿洶闆�锛岄�犳垚4000澶氫汉姝讳骸锛岃�屼富瑕佸厓鍏囨鏄噧鐓�銆�鈥�姣掗湩浜嬩欢鈥�淇冧娇鏀垮簻鍦�1956骞撮�氶亷銆婃竻娼旂┖姘ｆ硶妗堛��锛屾槑纰哄湪鍩庡競鏉戦幃(zh猫n)瑷�(sh猫)绔�鈥�鐓欓湩鎺у埗鍗�(q奴)鈥�锛岄檺瀹氬崁(q奴)鍏�(n猫i)鍙兘浣跨敤鐒＄厵鐕冩枡銆�
鏍规摎(j霉)鑻卞湅(gu贸)鏀垮簻绲�(t菕ng)瑷�(j矛)锛屼笂涓栫磤(j矛)50骞翠唬鏄叅鐐娇鐢ㄧ殑涓�鍊�(g猫)楂樺嘲锛屾鍚�20骞撮枔鐓ょ偔鐢ㄩ噺涓嬮檷浜嗕竴鍗娿�備笂涓栫磤(j矛)60骞翠唬鍚庢湡锛岄惖璺�佺叅姘ｅ埗閫犲伐寤犱互鍙婄叅绀﹂�愭娓涘皯鐓ょ偔浣跨敤銆傚埌涓婁笘绱�(j矛)70骞翠唬鍚庢湡锛岄�欎竴鑼冨湇鎿�(ku貌)澶у埌瑷卞瀹跺涵鍜屽伐妤�(y猫)鐢ㄦ埗銆�
鍊煎緱娉ㄦ剰鐨勬槸锛�1959骞村拰1969骞�锛岃嫳鍦�(gu贸)鐩哥辜鍦ㄥ寳娴风櫦(f膩)鐝�(xi脿n)宸ㄥぇ鐨勫ぉ鐒舵埃鍜岀煶娌瑰劜(ch菙)閲�锛岀獊鐒剁嵅寰楁洿鍔犳竻娼斿拰寤夊児(ji脿)鐨勬浛浠ｈ兘婧愶紝鏈夊姏鎺ㄥ嫊(d貌ng)浜嗛�欎竴杞�(zhu菐n)鍨嬨��
姝ゅ锛屼笂涓栫磤(j矛)50骞翠唬鑷�90骞翠唬锛岃嫳鍦�(gu贸)寤鸿ō(sh猫)浜�19鍊�(g猫)澶у瀷鏍搁浕鍙嶆噳(y墨ng)鍫�锛屼繚璀夊ぇ閲忕殑闆诲姏渚涙噳(y墨ng)銆�
闆栫劧鐓ょ偔浣跨敤閲忓湪鍏朵粬琛屾キ(y猫)閮藉湪涓嬮檷锛屼絾闆诲姏琛屾キ(y猫)鍗绘槸渚嬪銆傚湪1956骞淬�婃竻娼旂┖姘ｆ硶妗堛�嬮�氶亷鏅�(sh铆)锛岀噧鐓ら浕寤犳秷鑰椾簡4600钀�(w脿n)鍣哥叅鐐�锛屼絾鍒�1980骞村凡澧為暦(zh菐ng)鍒�9000钀�(w脿n)鍣�锛屽埌2014骞存秷鑰楅噺涔熸湁杩�4000钀�(w脿n)鍣搞��
銆愮稉(j墨ng)椹�(y脿n)鍊熼憭銆�
闆栫劧鑻卞湅(gu贸)姝ｉ�愭娣樻卑鐓ょ偔锛屼絾鐓ょ偔渚濈劧鍏ㄧ悆瑷卞鍦�(gu贸)瀹剁殑涓昏鑳芥簮渚嗘簮?锛熷仜鍚璒(sh猫)鍦ㄥ反榛庣殑鍦�(gu贸)闅涜兘婧愮讲18鏃ョ櫦(f膩)琛ㄥ牨(b脿o)鍛婄ū锛�2014骞村叏鐞冪叅鐐渶姹傞噺閬�(d谩)鍒�79.2鍎勫櫢锛岄洊鐒舵瘮鍘诲勾鐣ユ湁涓嬮檷锛屼絾鍗板害銆佹澅鍗椾簽鍦板崁(q奴)鐨勯渶姹傞噺鍗荤辜绾�(x霉)淇濇寔涓婂崌鍕�(sh矛)闋��
灏堝瑾�(r猫n)鐐�锛岃嫳鍦�(gu贸)鍦ㄩ亷鍘�60澶氬勾閫愭娣樻卑鐓ょ偔锛岄�欑偤鍏朵粬鍦�(gu贸)瀹舵彁渚涗簡鏈夊児(ji脿)鍊肩殑缍�(j墨ng)椹�(y脿n)锛屼互渚垮緸鐓ょ偔杞�(zhu菐n)鍚戞洿鐐烘竻娼旂殑鑳芥簮锛屾笡灏戠┖姘ｆ薄鏌撳拰鎳�(y墨ng)灏�(du矛)姘ｅ�欒畩鍖�銆�
棣栧厛锛岃嫳鍦�(gu贸)鐨勭稉(j墨ng)椹�(y脿n)琛ㄦ槑锛岀┖姘ｆ薄鏌撳晱椤屾槸閲嶈鐨勫偓鍖栧姂锛屼絾涓嶈冻浠ュ埡婵�鑳芥簮杞�(zhu菐n)鍨�锛岄棞(gu膩n)閸甸倓鏄壘鍒版洿娓呮綌銆佹洿寤夊児(ji脿)鐨勬浛浠ｈ兘婧�锛岀壒鍒ユ槸澶╃劧姘�銆�
鍏舵锛屽湪閻佃矾銆佺叅姘ｅ埗閫�銆佸搴噰鏆栫瓑闋�(l菒ng)鍩�锛岃嫳鍦�(gu贸)鍦�20骞磋嚦30骞村収(n猫i)閫愭娣樻卑鐓ょ偔锛屾檪(sh铆)闁撶浉灏�(du矛)杓冪煭锛岃�屽湪鏁村��(g猫)缍�(j墨ng)婵�(j矛)楂斿収(n猫i)娣樻卑鐓ょ偔鑷充粖宸茬稉(j墨ng)鐢ㄤ簡60澶氬勾銆備簨瀵�(sh铆)涓婏紝闆栫劧鐓ょ偔绺介珨娑堣�楅噺涓嬮檷锛屼絾鍦ㄧ櫦(f膩)闆荤瓑涓�浜涢牁(l菒ng)鍩熺殑浣跨敤閲忔湁鎵�澧炲姞銆�
鍐嶆锛屽悓鍦ㄥ搴拰宸ュ粻灏忚(gu墨)妯＄噧鐕掔叅鐐浉姣�锛屽湪鐧�(f膩)闆诲粻闆嗕腑浣跨敤鐓ょ偔閫氬父鏇寸偤娓呮綌锛屽畨瑁濇崟鎹夐濉靛拰纭�佹睘绛夋帓鏀剧墿鐨勫皥闁�瑷�(sh猫)鍌欐洿鐐虹稉(j墨ng)婵�(j矛)鍜屽彲琛屻��
鏈�鍚�锛岃嫳鍦�(gu贸)鐨勭稉(j墨ng)椹�(y脿n)琛ㄦ槑锛屽皪(du矛)浜庝互鐓ょ偔鐐轰富瑕佽兘婧愮殑鍦�(gu贸)瀹讹紝閲囧彇鍒嗛殠娈电殑鏂瑰紡閫�(j矛n)琛岃兘婧愯綁(zhu菐n)鍨嬫洿鐐虹従(xi脿n)瀵�(sh铆)銆傜涓�闅庢灏囧皬瑕�(gu墨)妯＄殑鐓ょ偔娑堣�楅泦涓埌鐕冪叅闆诲粻锛屾帴涓嬩締閫愭鍦ㄩ浕鍔涜妤�(y猫)涓娇鐢ㄥぉ鐒舵埃鍜屽彲鍐嶇敓鑳芥簮銆�
姣斿锛岄鍏堝湪瀹跺涵銆佺ぞ鍗�(q奴)閲囨殩銆佺厜閶煎粻鍜屽叾浠栧伐寤犳窐姹扮叅鐐�锛岀劧鍚庡鍔犵噧鐓ら浕寤犵殑鏁堢巼锛屾渶鍚庡墖鍦ㄩ浕鍔涜妤�(y猫)浣跨敤缍犺壊鑳芥簮銆�